A Review of Hadronic and Rare B Decays

We review recent experimental results on B meson decays. These include measurements of the inclusive production of charmed and non-charmed mesons and baryons, the reconstruction of a large number of exclusive hadronic final states with charmed mesons, the search for exclusive hadronic final states without charmed mesons, and the first observation of the decay B-> K* gamma which is described by an electromagnetic penguin diagram. The theoretical implications of these results will be considered. The figures can be obtained in postscript format EMAIL from [email protected]: 77 pages; CLNS 93/1261, UH-511-778-93, OHSTPY-HEP-E-93-018, HEPSY 93-1

Variability in supply and cross-shelf transport of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) postlarvae into western Florida Bay

The variability in the supply of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) postlarvae and the transport mechanisms of planktonic stages were investigated with field data and simulations of transport. Postlarvae entering the nursery grounds of Florida Bay were collected for three consecutive years at channels that connect the Bay with the Gulf of Mexico, and in channels of the Middle Florida Keys that connect the southeastern margin of the Bay with the Atlantic Ocean. The influx of postlarvae in the Middle Florida Keys was low in magnitude and varied seasonally and among years. In contrast, the greater postlarval influx occurred at the northwestern border of the Bay, where there was a strong seasonal pattern with peaks in influx from July through September each year. Planktonic stages need to travel up to 150 km eastward between spawning grounds (northeast of Dry Tortugas) and nursery grounds (western Florida Bay) in about 30 days, the estimated time of planktonic development for this species. A Lagrangian trajectory model was developed to estimate the drift of planktonic stages across the SW Florida shelf. The model simulated the maximal distance traveled by planktonic stages under various assumptions of behavior. Simulation results indicated that larvae traveling with the instantaneous current and exhibiting a diel behavior travel up to 65 km and 75% of the larvae travel only 30 km. However, the eastward distance traveled increased substantially when a larval response to tides was added to the behavioral variable (distance increased to 200 km and 85% of larvae traveled 150 km). The question is, when during larval development, and where on the shallow SW Florida shelf, does the tidal response become incorporated into the behavior of pink shrimp

On the relation between spherical and primitive homology classes in topological groups

Digitalitzat per Artypla

Nonleptonic Decays and Lifetimes of b-quark and c-quark Hadrons

We review recent experimental results on lifetimes and hadronic decays of hadrons that contain $c$ and $b$ quarks. The theoretical implications of these results are also considered. An understanding of hadronic decays of heavy quarks is required to interpret the CP violating asymmetries in $B$ decays that will be observed in experiments planned for the near future.Comment: 74 pages, LATEX format with 12 figures. To appear in Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 46. Also available at http://www-physics.mps.ohio-state.edu/~phys111/b-physics/bphysics.html and by anonymous ftp from ftp://pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu/pub/hepex/kh A serious typographical error on p. 8 is corrected. Other errors and typos are also correcte

Implications for the ΔAFB\Delta A_{FB} anomaly in Bˉ0→D∗+ℓ−νˉ{\bar B}^0\to D^{*+}\ell^- {\bar\nu} using a new Monte Carlo Event Generator

Recent experimental results in $B$ physics from Belle, BaBar and LHCb suggest new physics (NP) in the weak $b\to c$ charged-current and the $b\to s$ neutral-current processes. Here we focus on the charged-current case and specifically on the decay modes $\bar{B}^0\to D^{*+}\ell^- \bar{\nu}$ with $\ell = e$ and $\mu$. The world averages of the ratios $R_D$ and $R_D^{*}$ currently differ from the Standard Model (SM) predictions by $3.4\sigma$ while recently a new anomaly has been observed in the forward-backward asymmetry measurement, $A_{FB}$, in $\bar{B}^0\to D^{*+}\mu^- \bar{\nu}$ decay. It is found that $\Delta A_{FB} = A_{FB}(B\to D^{*} \mu\nu) - A_{FB} (B\to D^{*} e \nu)$ is around $4.1\sigma$ away from the SM prediction in an analysis of 2019 Belle data. In this work we explore possible solutions to the $\Delta A_{FB}$ anomaly and point out correlated NP signals in other angular observables. These correlations between angular observables must be present in the case of beyond the Standard Model physics. We stress the importance of $\Delta$ type observables that are obtained by taking the difference of the observable for the muon and the electron mode. These quantities cancel form factor uncertainties in the SM and allow for clean tests of NP. These intriguing results also suggest an urgent need for improved simulation and analysis techniques in $\bar{B}^0\to D^{*+}\ell^- \bar{\nu}$ decays. Here we also describe a new Monte Carlo Event-generator tool based on EVTGEN that we developed to allow simulation of the NP signatures in $\bar{B}^0\to D^{*+}\ell^- \nu$, which arise due to the interference between the SM and NP amplitudes. We then discuss prospects for improved observables sensitive to NP couplings with 1, 5, 50, and 250 ab$^{-1}$ of Belle II data, which seem to be ideally suited for this class of measurements.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, Improved version of arXiv:2203.07189, which was submitted to the US Community Summer Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass2021), withdrawn from final proceedings. Improvements include calculations of correlations between several observables and discussions of prospects for NP-sensitive observables with several benchmark values of Belle II integrated luminosit